CHAPTER XIV: THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION AND LIBERATION (Philippine History)

•      Commonwealth of the Philippines (Ten-year transition period) was interrupted when Japan started war in the Pacific Region.

•      On December 8, 1941 Pres. Roosevelt declared war with Japan after the attack in Pearl Harbor.

A. Japan’s Foreign Policy

Japan’s Expansion Program:

-   1930-1941 Japan was expanding its surrounding area

-    1932 ( Manchuria was occupied)

-    1937 ( China was invaded)

-   1941 ( French colony was occupied)

General Araki explained that the spirit of Japanese nation must be propagated across the five continents and to all who’ll hinder the progress must be abolished by force if necessary.

Japan’s Operation Of Attack

-          July 26, 1941 the PH regular and reserve forces were merged with the US Army.

-          General Douglas McArthur was the military adviser of the Commonwealth.

B. THE JAPANESE INVASION

Early Japanese Attack On The Philippines

The Escape of Quezon, Sayre and McArthur

-          Bataan fell on April 9, 1942.

-          Japan’s strength was too much for Fil-American forces.

-          Gen. Edward King surrendered in order to stop further killing.

-          After the fall of Bataan came the infamous Death March

-          Prisoners were forced to march from Marivelles, Bataan to San Fernando, Pampanga.

-          As the fall of Corregidor was imminent, Gen. Wainwright ordered the burning of secret documents and PH money.

-          Gen. Wainwright ordered the complete surrender of all Filipinos and American forces on May 06,1942.

The Heroic Stand in Bataan and Corregidor

C. Philippine CONDITIONS DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION

Japanese Military Government

Economic Condition

Social Condition

D. The SECOND Philippine REPUBLIC

Drafting of the Constitution

•      June 18 1943- the Japanese High Command in Manila ordered creation of the PCPI (Preparatory Commission of for Philippine Independence) for the purpose of drafting the constitution.

Inauguration of The Second Philippine Republic

E. Liberation of the Philippines

Battle of the Philippine Sea

The Landing’s At Leyte

SUBSEQUENT BATTLES

THE COMMONWEALTH GOVERNMENT IS BACK

-          August 1, 1945 the US Air Force dropped the first atomic bomb in Hiroshima and the second one in Nagasaki City.

-          On the same day Russia declared war against Japan

-          Japan surrendered unconditionally on August 15, 1945 due in realizing the total annihilation was possible

-          September 02, 1945 board the battleship Missouri at Tokyo Bay

-          The remaining Japanese forces headed by General Yamashita and Admiral Okochi also surrendered in Bagiuo on September 3, 1945. Thus, the end of war.